Study on the background and MDB/DFI/ECA environment, definition of relevant financing instruments and explanation of analytical framework. Analysis of (i) export and development finance ecosystem, (ii) strategies of key DFIs and ECAs, (iii) ECA/DFI comparison of regulatory frameworks, mandates, and financing instruments as well as (iv) transactional evidence provided by the participating institutions. Three comprehensive case studies assessing motivations and circumstances for using DFI, MDB and/or ECA financing from the perspectives of importers as well as exporters.